lokZr eksBh yksd”kkgh] ;”kLoh yksd”kkgh vlk xkSjo Hkkjrh; yksd”kkghpk txkr dsyk tkrks- lkscrp ;k yksd”kkghP;k ;”kLohrsr Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukpkgh ;”kLoh o veqY; lafo/kku Eg.kwu txkr xkSjokus mYys[k dsyk tkrks- Hkkjrh; yksd”kkghP;k ;”kkps dkj.k dks.krs \ bFkyh izLFkkihr jktdh; eaMGh] dh bFkyh jktdh; O;oLFkk \ bFkys lafo/kku dh turk \ vlk iz”u ?ksÅu tj tkxrhd ikrGhoj losZ{k.k vFkok fujh{k.k dj.;kr vkys rj fuf”prp cgqerkus gk fu’d’kZ gkrh ;sbZy dh Hkkjrh; lafo/kku gsp bFkY;k yksd”kkghP;k ;”kkps xed vkgs- uOgs rs ;k yksd”kkghP;k ;”kkps ,deso dkj.k vkgs- rlsp ;k Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukpk elqnk cuforkauk ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkauh ?ksrysY;k ifjJekykgh tkxrhd ikrGhoj vkotwZu mYys[k dsyk tkbZy- ex gh fu’d’kZ vlk fu?ksy dh MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkauh fyghysys Hkkjrh; lafo/kku gsp HkkjrkP;k o bFkY;k yksd”kkghP;k ;”kkps ,deso dkj.k vkgs-
MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkauh Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukpk elqnk fyghr vlrkauk laoS/kkfud yksd”kkghyk ;k ns”kkr fVdowu Bso.;klkBh lalnsps lkoZHkkSeRo ts tursP;k lkoZHkkSeRokr vafrer% lkekoysys vkgs- rs fVdwu jkgkos ;kph iqjsiqj dkGth ?ksryh gksrh- tsOgk d/kh “kklu vkf.k turk ;kaP;kr la?k’kkZph fB.kxh iMsy fdaok bFkY;k turspk “kkluko:u fo”okl ukghlk gksbZy rsOgk lafo/kku gsp ;k la?k’kkZP;k fuokj.;kps ,deso lk/ku jkghy- v”kh vis{kk MkW- ckcklkgsc vkacsMdjkaph gksrh- rlsp bFkY;k dkgh fof”k’V izLFkkfir yksdkaP;k ek/;ekrwu Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukyk /kksdk fuekZ.k gksÅ “kdrks fdaok tursP;k lkoZHkkSeRokoj xnk vk.kY;k tkÅ “kdr-s gs R;kosGsl ckcklkgsckauh vksG[kwu ?ksrys gksrs- R;keqGsp lalnsps vf/kdkj laoS/kkfud–‘V;k lkoZHkkSe Bso.;kr vkys vkgs- ijarq lalnsP;k ;kp lkoZHkkSeRokoj vkt dkgh yksdkaP;k ek/;ekrwu vkØe.k dj.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk tkr vkgs- T;keqGs Hkkjrh; lalnspsp uOgs rj varhe lkoZHkkSe lRrk T;kaP;kr fughr vkgs R;k Hkkjrh; tursP;k lkoZHkkSeRokyk /kksdk fuekZ.k >kyk vkgs-
Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukr lalnsyk dkgh lkoZHkkSe vf/kdkj cgky dj.;kr vkys vkgs- R;kr dk;nk r;kj dj.;klkBh dk;|kpk elqnk r;kj dj.ks rlsp tursus fuoMw.k fnysY;k izfrfuf/kaP;k ek/;ekrwu R;k fo/ks;dkoj Lora= ppkZ dj.ks] b- yksdfgrkP;k n`f’Vus dk;ns laer gks.;kph ,d fof”k’V izfØ;k Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukr varHkwZr dj.;kr vkyh vkgs- Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukP;k dye 117 rs 122 ;k dyekarxZr dk;ns fufeZrhph izfØ;k ns.;kr vkyh vkgs- ;k ifØ;sr tsOgk ,[kk|k fo/ks;dkps f}rh; okpu gksrs R;kosGsl rs fo/ks;d ^^yksder vteko.;klkBh tursiq<s Bsokos-** v”kh rjrwn dsyh xsyh vkgs- R;kp vk/kkjkoj vusdnk lalnsrhy fo/ks;dkP;k laca/kkus o`Rri=kae/kwu “kkldh; v/;kns”k tkjh dj.;kr ;srks- R;kr tursP;k lqpuk laca/khr fo’k;kP;k vuq’kaxkus vkaef=r dj.;kr ;sr vkgsr- v”kh lwpuk loZ Hkkjrh; ukxfjdkauk dj.;kr ;srs- dks.krkgh Hkkjrh; ukxfjd R;k fo/ks;dkP;k vuq’kaxkus vkiY;k lqpuk lalnsyk ikBow “kdrks-
;kpkp vFkZ vlk dh Hkkjrkr lafo/kku fufeZrhP;k izfØ;sr fdaok dk;nk fufeZrhP;k izfØ;sr ukxfjdkauk izR;{k lgHkkx ?ksrk ;srks- ;kiw<sgh ,[kknk dk;nk lalnsP;k ek/;ekrwu laer dj.;kr vkyk vlsy vkf.k rks dk;nk ?kVukckg; Bjr vlsy fdaok ?kVusr dj.;kr vkysY;k rjrwnhaP;k fojks/kh tk.kkjk vlsy rj jk’Vªirh v”kk fo/ks;dkoj lokZsPp U;k;ky;kph enr ?ksr vlrks- Eg.ktsp ;k fBdk.kh lokZsPp U;k;ky; gs lq)k lkoZHkkSe vlwu Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukph O;k[;k dj.;kpk o ,[kkns fo/ks;d laoS/kkfud vkgs dh vlaoS/kkfud vkgs gs Bjfo.;kpk vf/kdkj loksZPp U;k;ky;kpk vkgs- ;kis{kkgh vkiY;k Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukps vk.k[kh ,d oSf”k’V; vls vkgs dh] lalnsP;k ek/;ekrwu ikjhr gks.kkjk ,[kknk dk;nk gk tughrkyk ck/kd Bjr vlsy rj v”kk dk;n;kP;k fo:) turk tughr ;kphdsP;k ek/;ekrwu lokZsPp U;k;ky;kr tkow “kdrs- o lokZsPp U;k;ky;kyk rks dk;nk lafo/kkukP;k fo:) vkgs dh ukgh \ gs riklwu ikg.;kl ck/; d: “kdrs-
ijarq vkt Hkkjrkr ,d fofp= ifjfLFkrh mRiUu >kyh vkgs- v..kk gtkjs T;kauk izlkjek/;ekauh vk/kqfud Hkkjrkps nqljs xka/kh Eg.kwu inoh cgky dsyh vkgs- R;k v..kk gtkjs vkf.k R;kaP;k lgdkÚ;kaP;k ek/;ekrwu Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukoj] lalnsP;k lkoZHkkSeRokoj vkf.k tursP;k lkoZHkkSeRokoj gYyk dsyk tkr vkgs- lafo/kkukP;k dk;ns fufeZrhP;k izfØ;sr vkf.k lalnsP;k lkoZHkkSeRokr <oGk<oG dj.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk tkr vkgs- gh —rh iq.kZr% vlaoS/kkfudp ukgh rj lafo/kkukP;k lqjf{krrsyk rMk ns.kkjh vkgs-
jktdkj.kkrhy Hkz’Vkpkjkoj vkGk ?kky.;klkBh ^yksdiky fo/ks;d* 1969 e/;s loZizFke jkT;lHksr ekaM.;kr vkys gksrs- R;kosGsl rs eatwj u >kY;kus 1971] 1977] 1985] 1989] 1996] 1998] 2001] 2005] vk.kh 2008 yk iwUgk iwUgk gs fo/ks;d lalnsleksj ekaM.;kr vkys- rjhgh rs eatwj gksÅ “kdys ukgh- v|ki gs fo/ks;d eatwj >kys ulY;kus ns”kkr Hkz’Vkpkjkfojks/kkr dks.krkgh dk;nk vfLrRokr ukgh- vkrk ,fizy 2011 yk gs fo/ks;d iwUgk ikjhr dj.;kr ;kos ;klkBh v..kk gtkjsaP;k ek/;ekrwu ljdkjoj ncko vk.k.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk tkr vkgs- vls lkax.;kr ;srs dh ^tursP;k orhus rTKkauh r;kj dsysY;k ^tu yksdiky* fo/ks;dkpk elwnk fMlascj 2010 e/;s ljdkjyk lknj dj.;kr vkyk gksrk-*
fuoM.kwd vk;ksxkizek.ks Lora= ;a=.kk vlkoh] rlsp iariz/kku] dsanzh; ea=h] jktdh; O;Drh] uksdj”kgkaoj Hkz’Vkpkj fu;a=.k dk;|karxZr dkjokbZ dj.;kph rjrwn vlkoh- dks.kR;kgh U;k;kf/k”kkP;k] vxnh ljU;k;kf/k”kkaP;kgh fojks/kkr FksV pkSd”kh dj.;kpk vf/kdkj feGkok- v”kh vksjM ;k tursP;k ek/;ekrwu ¼dq.kh fuoMwu fnysyh vkf.k dq.kkdMwu fuoMwu fnysY;k izfrfu/khaP;k ek/;ekrwu gs loZ xqynLR;kr vkgs-½ rTKkaP;k lgk¸;kus r;kj dj.;kr vkysY;k ^tu yksdiky* fo/ks;dklkBh gksr vkgs-
fo/ks;dkpk elqnk cufo.;kP;k la;qDr lferhr 50 VDds ljdkjh rj 50 VDds ukxfjd o cf)ok|kaps izfrfuf/kRo vlkos] vlk v..kk gtkjs vkf.k tuyksdiky fo/ks;d r;kj dj.kkÚ;kapk vkxzg vkgs-
;k fBdk.kh vls iz”u mifLFkr gksrkr dh] dk;nk fufeZrhP;k izfØ;sr dks.kR;kgh dk;|kpk elqnk r;kj dj.;kpk vf/kdkj lalnspk vlrkauk dkgh yksdkaP;k ek/;ekrwu ,[kk|k dk;|kpk elqnk dlk dk; r;kj dsyk tkÅ “kdrks \ tursuh fuoMwu fnysY;k izfrfuf/kauk dk;nk fufeZrhP;k izfØ;sr lgHkkx ?ks.;kpk vf/kdkj vlrkauk ,o<sp ukgh rj R;k elq|koj lfoLrj ppkZ lalnsr ?kMowu vk.k.;kpk vf/kdkj vlrkauk vlaoS/kkfud O;DrhaP;k ek/;ekrwu dk;|kpk elqnk r;kj dj.;kr ;sr vlsy rj rks lafo/kkukpk vkf.k yksd izfrfuf/kapk vieku Bj.kkj ukgh dk \ tursuh Hkz’Vkpkj jks[k.;klkBh Lor% dk;nk r;kj djkok vls tj okVr vlsy rj Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukr rlk vf/kdkj lqpuk vkeaf=r dj.;kP;k ek/;ekrwu tursyk ns.;kr vkyk vkgs- vls vlrkaukgh dkgh fof”k’V yksdkauhp rks dk djkok \ cjs th yksd tuyksdiky fo/ks;dkP;k elqnk r;kj dj.;klkBh fuoM.;kr vkys rs dqBY;k i)rhus fuoM.;kr vkys \ dqBY;k vk/kkjkoj fuoM.;kr vkys \ Hkkjrh; tursps izfrfuf/k rs dqBY;k vk/kkjkoj Bjrkr \ lafo/kkukr v”kh dqByhgh rjrqn ulrkauk lafo/kkukP;k fo:) tkÅu dkgh fof”k’V yksdkaP;k lgHkkxkus ,[kk|k dk;|kpk elqnk r;kj dj.;kr ;sr vlsy rj rs loZ Hkkjrh;kaps izfrfuf/kRo dqBY;k vk/kkjkoj d: “kdsy \ U;k;ky;kus dq.kkP;kgh izHkkokr u jkgrk Lora= fu.kZ; nsrk ;kos Eg.kwu U;k;ky;kyk loZ izdkjP;k ca/kukrwu Lora«k@eqDr Bsoys vlrkaukgh U;k;kf/k”kkauk tu yksdiky fo/ks;dkr lekfo’V dj.ks gs vlaoS/kkfud ukgh dk \ U;k;ky;kaP;k U;k;kf/k”kkaP;k ek/;ekrwu vlaoS/kkfud —rh dsyh tkr vlsr rj v”kk U;k;kf/k”kkaoj egkfHk;ksx pkyfo.;kpk vf/kdkj jk’VªirhaP;k ek/;ekrwu lalnsyk vkgs- rks dk; pqdhpk vkgs dk \ tuyksdiky fo/ks;dkpk elqnk r;kj dj.;klkBh xBhr dj.;kr vkysY;k la;qDr lferhr larks’k gsxMs] iz”kkar Hkw’k.k vkf.k “kkarh Hkw’k.k gs firk&iq=] fdj.k csnh] ts- ,e- fyaxMksg] vjfoan dsljhoky ;kaph fuoM dks.kh dsyh \ rs dqBY;k vk/kkjkoj fuoM.;kr vkys \ R;kpk vk/kkj dk; \ R;kauk loZ Hkkjrh; ukxfjdkaph laerh vkgs dk \
vls vusd vuqRrjhr iz”u ;k tuyksdiky fo/ks;dkr fuekZ.k gksrkr- T;kaph mRrjs “kks/k.ks dBh.k vkgs- ,danjhr gk jk’Vªk”kh dsyk tk.kkjk nzksg vkgs- lafo/kkukyk ukdkj.kkjh gh —rh vkgs- tursP;k lkoZHkkSeRokyk ukdkj.kkjh] R;kaps ernku o fuoMw.k ns.;kP;k vf/kdkjkyk ukdkj.kkjh gh —rh vkgs- Hkkjrh; lalnspk gk gDdHkax vkgs- lafo/kku vkf.k lalnsP;k lkoZHkkSeRokoj xnk vk.k.kkjh —rh vkgs- gs Hkkjrh; tursyk v|ki dGysys fnlwu ;sr ukgh-
Hkz’Vkpkj jks[kyk tk.ks gs vxR;kpsp vkgs- ijarq vkt Hkkjrkr vusd {ks=kr Hkz’Vkpkj ok<ysyk vkgs- “kS{kf.kd] lkekftd vkf.k vkfFkZd {ks=kr eksB;k izek.kkr Hkz’Vkpkj ok<r vkgs- bFkyh tkrh; o /kkfeZd ekufldrk gk Hkz’Vkpkj ‘kM;a=iwoZd ok<for vkgs- ;koj v..kk gtkjs vkf.k R;kaP;k lkFkhnkjkaps dk y{k tkr ukgh \ csjkstxkjhr Hkz’Vkpkj vkgs] in Hkjrhr Hkz’Vkpkj vkgs- [kktxh {ks=kr jkstxkj feGfo.;kr Hkz’Vkpkj vkgs- brdsp uOgs rj etwjh feGfo.;krgh Hkz’Vkpkj vkgs- ;koj ;kaps y{k dk ykxr ukgh \ gs egRokps iz”u ukghr dk \ yksd”kkghr jktdkj.kkoj fdaok jktdkj.kkr gks.kkÚ;k Hkz’Vkpkjkoj vadq”k Bso.;kpk vf/kdkj turspk vkgs- rks tursuh izR;{k o vkiY;k izfrfuf/kaP;k ek/;ekrwu Bjokok \ R;klkBh dkgh fof”k’V yksdkauk gkrk”kh ?ksÅu tursus lafo/kkuckg; dk;nk cufo.;kph xjt dk; \
lafo/kku Hkz’Vkpkj jks[k.;kpk vkM ;sr ukgh- lafo/kkukrp ;kph mRrjs ns.;kr vkyh vkgs- R;kph dkVsdksj vaeyctko.kh >kyh rj Hkz’Vkpkj Fkkacfoyk tkÅ “kdrks- yksd”kkghr tursP;k ek/;ekrwup rks Fkkacfoyk tkÅ “kdrks- ijarq lalnsP;k lkoZHkkSeRokoj xnk vk.kwu uOgs rj lafo/kkukrhy dk;|kaph dkVsdksj vaeyctko.kh dj.;klkBh ljdkj o ukSdj”kkghoj tursP;k fu;a=.kkP;k ek/;ekrwu rs djrk ;sbZy- R;klkBh v”kk izdkjP;k tuyksdiky fo/ks;dkph xjt ukgh- xjt vlsyp rj r”;k izdkjpk dk;nk dj.;klkBh tursus lalnsyk vkf.k yksdizfrfu/khauk Hkkx ikMkos- ijarq vkEgh Eg.krks rksp dk;nk cuyk ikfgts- gs loZLoh yksd”kkghP;k fojks/kh vkf.k gqdwe”kkghyk pkyuk ns.kkjh —rh Bjsy- ;kpk Hkkjrh; tursus fopkj djkok- ;klkBh dkgh lqpuk djrk ;srhy-
1- yksdizfrfu/khaoj tursus ncko vk.kwu jktdh; Hkz’Vkpkj jks[k.;klkBh lalnsP;k ek/;ekrwu dk;nk r;kj djkok-
2- vlk dk;nk r;kj gksr vlrkauk tsOgk rks tursP;k laerhlkBh Bso.;kr ;sbZy rsOgk vkivkiY;k lwpuk ikBokO;kr fdaok rTKkaP;k ek/;ekrwu lwpuk r;kj d:u R;k lalnsyk ikBokO;kr-
3- vlaoS/kkfud ekxkZus dqByhgh —rh u djrk lalnsP;k dk;nk fufeZrhP;k izfØ;soj tursus fo”okl Bsokok-
4- Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukP;k fo:) gks.kkÚ;k ‘kM;a=kyk Fkkacowu lafo/kkukpk lUeku djkok-
5- lokZsPp U;k;ky;kr ;kfo’k;h tufgr ;kphdk nk[ky d:u xSjlafo/kkuhd —rhyk Fkkacokos-
6- jktdh; i{k o tuizfrfu/kh ;kauk yksdiky fo/ks;dkfo’k;h tursus rTKkaP;k ek/;ekrwu r;kj dj.;kr vkysY;k lwpuk lalnsleksj ykowu /kj.;kl ck/; djkos-
7- yksd”kkgh o Hkkjrh; lafo/kkukpk lUeku gksbZy ;kdMs jktdh; i{k] lokZsPp U;k;ky;] turk vkf.k Lor%yk lektlsod Eg.kowu ?ks.kkÚ;kauh y{k |kos-
8- lafo/kku o dk;|kph O;k[;k dj.;kpk vf/kdkj lokZsPp U;k;ky;kyk vkgs ;koj tursus fo”okl Bsowu rks vkiY;k fdaok dkghaP;k gkrkr nsÅu jk’Vªnzksg d: u;s-
9- jktdkj.kkrp ukgh rj lektO;oLFksr fuekZ.k >kysY;k fo’kersrgh Hkz’Vkpkj vkgs- ;kdMsgh n{k tursuh y{k ?kkykos-
10- lafo/kkukus fnysY;k vf/kdkjkauk ukxfjdkauh lqjf{kr Bsokos- dqBY;kgh Hkkofud ‘kM;a=kyk cGh u iMrk dk;|kpk o lafo/kkukpk vH;kl d:u vkiys er iznf”kZr djkos-
;k lqpuk y{kkr ?ks.;kr vkY;k rj fuf”prp vkt Hkkjrkr tu yksdiky fo/ks;d ¼v..kk gtkjs o R;kaP;k lgdkÚ;kauh r;kj dsysys½ vkf.k yksdiky fo/ks;d ¼”kklukus r;kj dsysys½ ;kaP;kr fuekZ.k >kysyk la?k’kZ nwj gksbZy- tursus vkiY;k vf/kdkjkapk dk;nsf”kj okij djkok- tufgr o lektfgrkyk fojks/k dj.;kps dkghp rkRi;Z ukgh- ijarq dqByhgh lektfgrkph —rh fdaok turspk jsVk ns”kkyk Hkfo’;kr xqykefxjhdMs us.kkjk vlsy fdaok bFkyh yksd”kkgh /kksD;kr vk.k.kkjk vlsy rj tursus R;kpk lkjklkj fopkj d:u fu.kZ; ?;kok- yksd”kkgh eqY;] rRo] fu’Bk vkf.k dk;|koj vf/k’Bhr vlrs- rsp tj vkEgh dkgh yksdkaP;k Hkkofud vkOgkukauk cGh iMwu ik;nGh rqMfor vlw rj vkEghp vkeps Lokra«; /kksD;kr vk.khr vkgksr vls Eg.kkos ykxsy- lafo/kkukojhy fu’Bk] tursph R;kaP;k dk;nsf”kj vf/kdkjkafo’k;hph ltxrk] ns”kghrkyk] lektghrkyk] tughrkyk vkf.k dY;k.kdkjh jkT;kP;k fufeZrhlkBh rRij vlysys “kklu ghp f=lq=h dqBY;kgh yksd”kkghP;k ;”kLohrrslkBh vkf.k HkforO;klkBh ykHknk;d B: “kdrs- gs loZ Hkkjrh;kauh y{kkr ?;kos-
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